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FEC of Russia Magazine

Address and phone book "Fuel and Energy complex of Russia"

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	Clean Energy In world distribution of power resources the share of renewed energy sources. For some yearswind and solar power increase rates eached up to 30 % which has exceeded similar indicators of traditional branches — coal and gas successively. The world power grows today basically at the expense of new capacities of renewed energy sources (RES). It occurs owing to that in the traditional branches using fossil fuel, the new equipment is used only to replace the old one. Even in the 2008-2009 crisis when the prices for hydrocarbons and coal were reduced, the quantity of a new RES continued to grow in the alternative power sphere. In 2010 the entered total RES capacity exceeded for the first time similar indicators of generations, using fossil fuel. Free alternative The period of "easy" and "cheap" oil comes to an end. Today it is necessary to master remote deposits. In Russia oil and gas recovery moves to areas of taiga and to northern shelf. It can effect increase in the price of hydrocarbons. Besides, the cost of one watt of capacity RES constantly decreases. This tendency has lasted throughout thirty years. Today the price of the electric power made by RES means, in most cases costs cheaper than the one which turns out as a result of use of hydrocarbonic fuel. For this reason the governments of many developed countries have made a choice in favor of renewed power which has become a new direction of development of economy of variety of the states. The full version of the article "Clean Energy" is published in the journal "FEC of Russia " № 1/2012
	From an economic point of view of pipeline transport is the most advantageous in comparison with rail and road. Ninety percent of the shipment of hydrocarbons in Russia is a system of main pipelines. The first pipeline was built in the U.S. in 1865. Its length was six kilometers. In Russia, the emergence of oil has been associated with the industrial development of oil fields of Baku and Grozny. In the sixties of the nineteenth century began active development of the Baku oil fields. Oil from the field to refineries in the skins transported by donkeys. In 1870, this process is improved - the skins replaced the wooden barrels capacity of 25 pounds (400 kg). In this process, there was one big minus - a method of transportation increased the price of oil up to five times. The principle of pumping oil through a pipe, significantly reducing transportation costs, suggested that the Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev. In 1878, engineer Vladimir Shukhov got a contract to build on the Apsheron Peninsula pipeline diameter of 75 mm and a length of 12 km from the oil fields Balakhany to a processing plant of "Nobel Brothers" in the Black Town. He designed a full range of pipeline facilities and implemented this project to life. The pipeline's capacity is 80 thousand tons of oil per day. Later this technology was used in the construction of the whole of Russia. One of the outstanding developments Shukhov began Tsaritsin tanks. Used in their manufacture forging high-quality, reliable and durable metal joints allow these vessels to carry a ton of oil in complete safety. The full version of article «Pipe line calls» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» №12/2011

	In the world energy oil and gas industry is one of the most important places. In Russia - the main thing. With the growth in energy consumption increases pollution. Significant contribution to this process make the energy sector companies. That is why in most industrialized countries in the budget for oil and gas companies are increasing the cost of restoring the environment. Russian enterprises have not yet turned their faces to the problem. According to the center of energy diplomacy and geopolitics (TSEDG), the share of fuel and energy complex of Russia accounts for 90% of the total greenhouse gas emissions, half of all emissions into the atmosphere, and the third - discharged into the water. Together with wastewater from refineries in the oil reservoirs act, sulfides, chlorides, nitrogen compounds, phenols, heavy metal salts. A great contribution to air pollution contributes torch economy created for burning in the fields of associated petroleum gas (APG), and the torches of oil refineries (refinery). The combustion of associated gas in the atmosphere fall superecotoxicants, carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic compounds, salts of metals, soot, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen. The full version of article «Oil and nature. Conflict or Harmony?» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» №11/2011
	Russia substantially lags behind today on rates of increase of petrochemical branch world leaders. Our country possesses huge stocks of hydrocarbons, the considerable part of these raw materials is bought by the western companies. They process it and in the form of ready products sell back in the Russian Federation. Demand for petrochemical production steadily grows today in the world and internal markets. Thus the Russian petrochemistry strongly lags behind in the development world level. It doesn't provide internal requirements of the country. Only in some directions Russia takes good enough positions: in the market of ammoniac saltpeter the share of Russian production makes 40 %, a carbamide — 17 %, ammonia — 16 %. Despite active growth in 2010 of the enterprises of domestic petrochemistry, according to branch experts, in 2011 the Russian manufacturers can't offer больший volume of production, than in the past. Therefore the next two years … The full version of article «In expectation of changes» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» № 10/2011

	Today on a share of Russia 30 % of all natural gas of a planet are necessary. It is 62 % in fuel balance of the country. The gas branch provides today 10 % of national gross national product of the Russian Federation and 25 % of incomes in its state budget. In the beginning of this century in Russia the great attention was given to fully fledged manufacturer of gas. In early editions of the project of the General scheme of development of gas branch of Russia for the period till 2030 it was planned that for independent manufacturers in the Russian gas production to 2020 will make 25-29 %, and by 2030 – 30 %. However, in the current project of this document extraction division on manufacturers is eliminated. Fully fledged manufacturer of gas in it practically aren't mentioned. Nevertheless, work in the given direction goes – only "Rosneft" plans … The full version of article «Dependence independent or a vicious circle of manufacturers of gas» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» №8/2011

	Natural gas is the cheapest motor fuel from all available in the market. All over the world the state provides direction development gas-engine fuel with support of the large oil and gas companies. Over the last 10 years the average annual volume of consumption of natural gas in Russia hasn't changed counting on one car. The Russian factories don't hasten to expand manufacture of cars available for today on alternative kinds of fuel. Automobile owners should have a choice of qualitative and inexpensive compressed gas equipment that they have started to shift the vehicles on gas. In turn, it demands presence of the developed infrastructure – gas refuelling and accompanying services. Today in Russia two factories … The full version of article «To you with gas or without» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» №7/2011

	Basis of development of a fuel and energy complex of Eastern Siberia and the Far East first of all were the coal industry and water-power engineering. In the XXI-st century beginning the Government of Russia began to position this region which constitute 40 % of territory of the country, as a advanced oil and gas province on which development it lays hopes. The basic document determinative strategy of development of gas supply and gasification of Eastern Siberia and the Far East is the government creation Program in Eastern Siberia and in the Far East uniform system of extraction, transportation of gas and gas supply from accounts of possible export of gas on the markets of China and other countries VTR. The program considers … … The full version of article «Remote riches» is placed in magazine «FEC of Russia» №6/2011